from the blog

Should Wire Be Unwound Or Cut Off?

Should Wire Be Unwound Or Cut Off?

November 6, 2026

This is a common question. The answer depends on size of wire, type of metal, and if the wire was biting in or not. In general, it’s best to cut off large wire, and unwind smaller wire. The “hinge” wire size for copper is 14. You can either cut or unwind a 14. Size 3.5mm […]

Japanese Black Pine As A Single Flush Pine

October 30, 2026

Over the years, several students of mine have said that decandling didn’t work for them. Not that they didn’t get the technique (which is complicated, admittedly), but that the results were erratic. After going through the variables—good sun, not shaded, well fertilized, watered well, winter storage not too cold—I asked one more question: “Where do […]

Moss: A Plant With…Three Types Of Reproduction?

Moss: A Plant With…Three Types Of Reproduction?

October 23, 2026

Moss is a bryophyte, an old group of terrestrial plants. The first ones grew 460 million years ago in the Ordovician Period, when trilobites scuttled around and early fish were getting their bearings. And some point along the way, bryophytes began to do it like no other things did. In moss sexual reproduction a sperm […]

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